High quality of service is a paramount concern in wireless networks. Hence, it can be stated that the developed building penetration path loss model can be used to accurately predict signal attenuation in buildings located in an urban environment. Secondly, the developed building penetration path loss model was also compared with some existing path loss models namely, Log distance path loss, Okumura, HATA and COST-231 models and the results showed that the models compared accurately with the Okumura model and other existing path loss models. The results corresponded with the measurement results. The model simulation result showed that a total loss in GSM transmission as 124.07dB of which penetration loss as 37.95dB which accounted for 30.59%, the free space loss as 86.12dB which accounts for 69.41% of the total losses. To confirm the viability of this model, measurements were conducted in four different locations in Rivers State, Nigeria on buildings made with different material using MTN, Etisalat, Airtel and Globacom networks. The total losses from the transmitter to the receiver was modelled as a combination of three different effects losses due to free-space propagation from transmitter to building the penetration loss as a combination of the wall penetration loss and the diffraction loss. The penetration through the building walls was modelled as refraction using Fresnel Refraction Coefficient and the propagation through the roof was modelled as diffraction using the principle of knife-edge diffraction. The model involved the combination of three mechanisms of signal propagation refraction, reflection and diffraction.
In this paper a building penetration path loss model was developed.
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